In the sow feed, the most added mineral elements are sodium, chlorine, calcium and phosphorus.
salt
According to the pig e network, the content of chlorine and sodium in most vegetable feedstuffs is very low. Therefore, salt supplements are generally used in pig feeds. The long-term lack of sodium and chlorine in the feed will affect the pig's appetite, affect pig growth and production, and reduce feed utilization efficiency. Pigs lacking salt tend to eat on the ground, railings of pigsty, and eat foreign materials such as clods or furnace ash. If there is too much salt in the feed and the water supply is insufficient, it will cause salt poisoning in pigs, mainly manifested as thirst, nervousness, diarrhea, and physical weakness, and severe cases can cause coma and death. It was found that pigs had eaten feeds containing excessive amounts of salt. The pigs should be allowed to drink more water and new feeds should be replaced immediately. At present, the feedstuffs used for feeding pigs in China include fishmeal, meat powder, glutinous water, and soy sauce residue. Therefore, when pigs are fed with the above-mentioned feed, the supplement of salt should be reduced in the pig's diet. In the sow's compound feed, the amount of salt added is generally not more than 0.5% to meet the needs of pigs for sodium and chlorine.
Calcium and phosphorus
Calcium and phosphorus are the main components of the pig's skeletal structure and they are also components of cells and body fluids. Insufficient or excess calcium and phosphorus in pig feed can have adverse consequences for sow production. The long-term lack of calcium and phosphorus in the feed will make the sows pre- and postpartum paralyzed. However, long-term excesses of calcium and phosphorus are also harmful, and any excess of either will interfere with the absorption and utilization of another element. Since pig feeds are mainly plant-based feeds, they must be supplemented with calcium and phosphorus supplements. The animal feed is rich in calcium and phosphorus, and the ratio of the two is appropriate, and the digestion and absorption utilization rate is high. Such as adding fish meal, meat and bone meal, etc., not only can meet the needs of pig growth protein, but also to meet its calcium and phosphorus needs. At present, there are the following feeds for feeding pigs with calcium and phosphorus.
2.1, bone meal
Bone meal is defatted, dried and crushed from the bones of livestock. Since bone powder is mainly composed of calcium and phosphorus, bone powder can be used for calcium supplementation and phosphorus supplementation. The content of calcium in bone meal is about 1.5-2.0 times that of phosphorus. The ratio of calcium and phosphorus is suitable for the needs of pigs. It is a good feed for the balance of calcium and phosphorus. The content of calcium is about 30.12%, and phosphorus is about 13.46%. Therefore, the condition of the pig farms and pig farmers, it is best to use bone meal as calcium, phosphorus supplements for sows.
2.2, eggshell and shell powder
Eggshells and shell powders are ground and ground after fresh egg shells and shells are dried. The calcium content in eggshell powder is above 30%. The main component of shell powder is calcium carbonate, and the calcium content is also above 30%. Egg shells and shell powder can only be used as supplemental feed for calcium.
2.3, dicalcium phosphate
